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2024-10-17 18:07 点击次数:61
晉譙國嵇康善琴,嘗遊會稽宿華陽亭。有異东谈主夜詣康,授以廣陵散曲,使秘勿傳。嵇康受而秘之。後司馬懿將刑康東市,復取琴彈之曰,「矣。」先是,其甥袁孝己從康學琴,每叩诟谇,輒靳不許。康夜彈琴,孝己竊從戶外聽之,至亂聲小息,康覺而止。曲本四十一拍,去引外,孝己所聞止三十三拍,後續成八拍女同 做爱,總四十一拍。其名曰廣陵散者,揚州本廣陵地,言魏散一火,自廣陵始也。韓皋聞饱读琴至止息,嘆曰,「好意思哉,嵇康之為诟谇!」即此。
The second《西麓堂琴統》 1525 afterword (III/250, after the second version; comment) is:
右廣陵散曲世所傳者每有不同,先後二譜亦自舛異,故兩存之其說見上不更贄也。
風宣玄品 1539 (II/198): No commentary.
古音正统 1634 (IX/382): Prelude (廣陵真趣 Guangling Zhenqu) + Main melody (廣陵散 Guangling San, 9 Sections) Under "Guangling Zhenqu": "慢商調開指 Kai Zhi for Manshang Mode"; Under "Guangling San": "嵇叔夜作 by Xi Kang"; At end of melody: "廣陵真趣九段終"; otherwise no commentary.
The 琴苑心傳全編 1670 preface (XI/443; long version, same as 1425; comment) is:
按琴史、晉書載,廣陵散曲者,嵇康,字叔夜,譙國之东谈主也。嘗遊會稽,宿華陽亭,引琴而彈,夜分,忽有客詣之,稱是古东谈主,與康共談音律,辭致清辨,因索琴彈之,為廣陵散曲,聲調絕倫,遂以授康,仍誓不傳。又琴書曰:「嵇康廣陵散曲。本四十一拍,不傳於世,惟康之甥袁孝己能琴,每從康學,靳惜不與。後康靜夜饱读琴,彈廣陵散,孝己竊從戶外聽之。至亂聲小息,康疑有东谈主,推琴而止,出戶果見孝己,止得三十三拍。後孝己會止息意,續成八拍,共四十一拍,序引在外。世亦罕知焉」。臞仙曰:「廣陵散曲有二譜,今予所取者,隋宮中所收之譜。隋一火而入於唐,唐一火流荡於民間者有年,至宋高宗建炎間,復入於御府。經九百三十七年矣,给予此譜為正。故取之」。
The 裛露軒琴譜 ≥1802 preface (XIX/363; melody related to 1634; comment) is: Under the title it says, "中聲手訂"
金陵汪子晉自叙此曲傳自夢中仙授,後得譜於粵東雲在青者。此譜系後従廣陵散中摘出,為明潞藩藏本,淡逺髙妙,非同凡響,故叔夜靳不傳世。幸此譜尚在东谈主間,而世之操縵者,非夙具性靈,何能領畧。叔夜有云,非曠逺者不行與之嬉遊,非淵靜者不行與之閒止,非放達者不行與無吝,非至精者不行與之析理,故至交者則知精微敘之所存。
(一段)宜緩緩彈
(二段)平淡深遠,緩緩得音,如元东谈主氣韻筆墨。
(三段)慢商惟廣陵一曲,可為絶調。操絃者不諳斯曲,是過山陰谈而不覩其好意思也。
(六段)幾帶起、撥剌臞仙作「秋鴻」竊而用之。
(七段)妙在不疾不離,就入亂後,一收惬心之至。
(九段)輕描淡寫,意念念深遠。
The 蕉庵琴譜 1868 handbook has no preface. Intersectional comments are:
(一段)緩彈。
(二段)此段平淡深遠,深緩彈去,細心審之,如元东谈主一幅氣運筆墨,若不細心領略,自覺無味。
(三段)操絃者不諳斯曲,是過山陰谈而不覩其好意思也。
(五段)靜中消遣,确凿一大骨董。
(六段)此段幾帶起、撥剌臞仙作「秋鴻」竊而用之。
(七段)此段妙在不疾不離,就入亂後,段一收惬心。
(九段)輕描淡寫,意念念深遠。
The 希韶閣琴瑟合譜 1890 preface (10+1; XXVI/461; comment) has,
此操鐵笛谈东谈主云:「得自神授」。按紫霞洞譜云:「嵇中散嘗遊洛西,暮宿華亭,夜分,引琴而彈,忽有客詣之,與康共談音律,詞致清辨,因索琴彈廣陵散一曲,聲調絕倫,遂以授中散,韓皋謂中散琴曲有廣陵散者,以王陵、毋邱儉輩王人自廣陵散敗,言魏之散一火,自廣陵始,故名其曲曰廣陵散」。王幼學云:「散乃曲名,如操、弄、引、吟之類」。 The 琴學初津 1894 (10+1; XXVIII/403; comment; compare the afterwords here for individual sections with those for ≥1802 above. Afterword concerns Xi Kang in an isolated mansion):
(二段)平淡深遠,緩緩彈去,細細審之,如元东谈主一幅氣運筆墨,若不細心領略,自覺無味。
(三段)操絃不諳斯曲,如入山陰谈上,而不視其好意思也。
(五段)靜中消遣,确凿一大骨董。右廣陵散曲世所傳者每有不同,先後二譜亦自舛異,故兩存之其說見上不更贄也。
(六段)幾帶起,幾撥刺,臞仙作秋鴻,竊而用之。
(七段)妙在不疾不離,就入亂後,一收惬心。
(九段)輕描淡寫,意念念無窮深遠。
按诟谇,嵇康於孤館清夜彈琴,而遇神东谈主世間所授,呼唤黃鐘慢二,仍借林鐘宮音,調亦神奇,意亦深遠,音取宏厚,指取古勁。彈宜和緩,撥刺尤宜平靜,抑揚頓挫,调遣虛靈,細心靜作,自有神奇之韻,非泛曲與其比例也。至於用調,實法古而非立異也。古詩云:「側商調裡唱伊州」,又有側楚,側蜀,餘以此語推之,而調之類此者,抑系側調,誠不謬哉。然是調相傳清除無存,今得之蕉庵譜中,是否原曲,莫能審辨,聽其節奏,宮商從容古雅,取用之奇,得示曾有,惜其原譜,指法徽分,錯訛殊多,但他譜示經遇目,惟與古齋曲目之中,亦經收錄,譜示行世,深為憾事,茲依蕉庵譜,細加釐正,聚其氣韻,則不致逆指抗音疏散之弊。
《十一絃弦館琴譜》1907 (10; XXIX/3, 8, 9; comment). The credits for the first version in this handbook, after the title (廣陵散 Guangling San 真趣 Zhen Qu), are stated as:晉嵇中散譜 tablature from Xi Kang of Jin 明潞王藏刻 imprint from the collection of the Ming Prince of Lu 閩中雲在青較 revised by Yun Zaiqing of Min (Fujian) 金陵汪安侯演正 corrected performance by Wang Anhou of Jinling
Before this, however, there is an essay called 廣陵夢記 Guangling Mengji, 金陵汪安侯選 arranged by Wang Anhou of Jinling, that concerns the short version of Guangling San collected by the Prince of Lu. (For 廣陵 9693.178-183 has only other 廣陵, and so far I have not found any other references to a Guangling Mengji other than what is here.)
This is all somewhat puzzling because, as discussed here, the 1907 tablature is not the version from 1634 (music; no commentary). Instead, the actual melody in 1907 (in fact both of them here) follows the 1802 version (see more under Guangling Zhen Qu). Furthermore, these 1907 comments quote what it claims to be an original document that gives a much more elaboborate version of the story from 1802. Thus, according to the text what seems to have happened is a previously unknown melody with an old name, Guangling San, was introduced in 1634 with no commentary. Perhaps it was an old document that had been re-discovered but there seems to be no way to verify this. The melody was then re-introduced almost 170 years later by someone named Yun Zaiqing; but Yun, below the title, is credited with having "較 revised" the melody. The text actually says he had had a dream where an immortal had told him how the melody was really supposed to sound. So is crediting him with having revised the melody intended to explain the fact that the tablature published in connection with this story is somewhat altered from the ≥1802 version? All later versions follow ≥1802, not 1634.
In any case, the document called Guangling Mengji gives the following more detailed account of the ≥1802 transmission story.
(XXIX/3): 廣陵夢記,金陵汪安侯選 Guangling Mengji by Wang Anhou of Jinling (compare Wang Zijin below) 余於戊午(1678?)秋自楚歸於秣陵,冬十月,復同孤竹 高公入閩之方伯任。己未秋八月,有舊識友任 莆田守,聞余在閩,以札相召,束裝以往。
谈過福 清,邑有明故相國。臺山葉公之孫。字唯偉者。下 榻館焉。是夜燒燭焚香。意欲作平原旬日飲。予 故辭不得,訂三日約。終日品茶敲棋,杯酒閒 談。三山勝概,谈及福清石柱名山。□ 靈異相等。 相期次晨。偕往一游。劇談之後,欠且倦,時酒闌 东谈主散,燭燼月移,孺子亦睡。余就枕而宿伸久間, 而莊生蝴蝶,栩栩然亦莫知所之矣。
栩蘧之余, 费解見垂楊夾谈,古柏森天,盘曲曲徑,緣溪過 一小橋,約里許,遙望飛檐朱戶、翠竹碧梧,靡麗 蓊郁,非復东谈主世境。驚喜疾趨,陟階級數重,見朱 戶半掩,即躡足由檐腳而入。再進一重,則山矗 谷虛,泉流若布,而鶴舞鹿鳴,蘿牽蘭馥,如行山 陰谈中,應接不暇。荔枝樹側。有葡萄架,而巨榕 上覆。正在四顧瞻視,忽從內走出。二青衣雙鬟, 迓而問曰:「君得毋為金陵移情汪子乎?吾仙君 待子久矣,請速行毋緩。」
青衣為導,予隨之穿花 陰、過曲檻,歷白石磴登崇臺,香凝霧結、雲裳而 霧衣者,仙君在焉。余即膜拜,遜再不允,因分席 行賓主禮,款身相慰賀,勞而問之曰:「不错舒性 情、和氣息。而造深化微者,何也?」余曰:「得毋樂乎? 联系词鐘饱读踞矣,管籥卑矣,不卑不踞,獨屬琴乎?」 仙君曰:「可謂知吾之意矣。敢請子以盡其說。」余 曰:「唯唯。夫四饱读動而萬物生焉,七弦音律而千 奇出焉,以心命指,以指驅弦,弦隨指使,指自心 施。若捨指以求弦,弦非靈物;捨弦而求指,指內 無聲。故合也則得,離也則失,且隆替之谈於此 見。意在音內,理在音外。若以文求,便落二義。」仙 君愀联系词嘆曰:「噫嘻,子蓋出乎技而進乎谈矣!」 因解囊琴而饱读為予壽。初聽之,調中之音幽靜, 兼有撥剌奇變之音;後數段淡遠疏落。曲終云: 「谈故如是。」予聽之對曰:「此即晉叔夜慢商《廣陵》 摘段也,絕響久矣,子可記之,繼往古,開來今,將 有望於子矣。」余對曰:「一聽而得音,雖師曠亦不 能夜。敢請以教我。」仙君曰:「雲在青山,調得口記 此則得音矣。」余不悟。因欲以生平休咎叩。忽聞 鄰雞四唱,而邯鄲谈上。黃粱熟矣。若得若失, 费解可近,紙窗漸白,支床而起,不復踐所議游 約,即辭主东谈主,命童僕負裝,南游於莆。
越月後,復 歸三山,則有高公罹楚行之變,余亦失東谈主。 將買棹仍歸秣陵,而中丞吳公忽奉康親王款 留,因復解裝,客於故相公葉府,而載酒問字往 往不乏。
一日(離注:已經是庚申【1680】歲了),有粵東雲姓字在青者,造館而謁, 宛如素好。其寓有明潞藩藏譜一冊,出而觀之, 卷尾有《廣陵真趣》一曲。余錄之而譜其音,與夢 中所聽仙君之音無異(translated)。
嗚呼!夢之為物,真耶幻 耶,果安在也?豈中散之精誠不泯,千古于今而 傳耶?抑我之篤好斯谈,神溯游千古之上耶? 因筆而記之,以存後日研譜之由,非敢以異炫 當世也。
康熙三十七年(1698?)歲次戊寅(1698?)夏五月端陽日重錄於口春堂 金陵八十叟移情汪子晉撰 (Wang Zijin: compare Wang Anhou above) (Copied mostly from 蒿艾离离)
N.B. 康熙三十七年: 1698? 戊寅 = 15th: 1698? (次戊寅?) 戊午 = 55th: 1618? 1678? 庚申 = 57th: as 歲 year 1680?] 粵東雲姓字在青者 Someone from Eastern Guangdong surnamed Yun, style name Zaiqing; also: 閩中雲在青 Yun Zaiqing from Min.
(XXIX/8): Text that serves as an afterword to the "old" version. 此曲如元东谈主一幅氣韻山水,世之泛泛何能領略,若無至交空負古东谈主一派苦心,幸存有譜以遺此,調非有恨氣幸靈不行彈此。
(XXIX/8): This text seeems to suggest a connection between the old 46 section version and what was published by the Prince of Lu in 1634. 廣陵散古譜四十六段,今此譜只得十段,想先輩高賢於古譜中擇出此數段耳,上有真趣二字為明潞蕃所刻則非中散之譜明矣。
(XXIX/9): An essay by 劉鐵雲 Liu Tieyun that seems mostly to concern the original long version of Guangling San. It begins,
嵇叔夜廣陵散絕傳於世,固东谈主东谈主所得而知也。 嵇叔夜廣陵散實未絕傳於世,則非东谈主东谈主所得 而知也。晉書嵇康傳:「臨刑東市,顧視日影,索琴 彈之,曰,‘昔袁孝己當從吾學廣陵散,吾固靳之, 廣陵散於今絕矣。’此廣陵散絕傳之證也。太平 御覽引文人傳,嵇康臨死,顏色不變,謂其兄曰, ‘向以琴來否?’兄曰‘已至。’康取調之,為太平引。曲 成,嘆息曰,‘太平引絕於当天耶?’此絕傳者是太 平引,非廣陵散之証也」。
「琴歷」曰:琴曲有大遊、小 遊、明君、胡笳、廣陵散、白魚歎。「陳氏樂書」 曰:「廣陵散」引子三段,本序五段,正聲十八拍, 亂聲十拍。又袁孝尼續後八段。此唐过去各家 琴書俱載有廣陵散,其果未絕傳之又一證也。 揚掄「太古遺音」。撫琴轉弦歌云:試作廣陵散,晉 室。慢商弦徽同第一。是明初其譜猶未失也。「廣 陵散」傳世。既歷歷可考如斯。前嵇中散臨刑所 彈者,為「太平引」可無疑矣。竊意中散臨刑饱读琴 必有寓意。随机饱读琴「太平引」言已死。而天下之太 平。亦與之俱死。與義有合。袁孝尼從中散學琴 為一事、中散臨刑饱读「太平引」為又一事。史書誤 合為一耳。此譜.... (11 more lines)
(XXIX/10) Another essay by 劉鐵雲 Liu Tieyun. It begins,
琴之為物也。同乎谈.... 34 lines,
(XXIX/11) Yet another essay by 劉鐵雲 Liu Tieyun. It begins,
「廣陵散」之初見於世也。得諸鬼。琴談引古說。嵇康.... 25 lines, dated 丁未 1907)
(XXIX/10) Tablature for the "new" Guangling San. After the title (廣陵散新譜 Guangling San New Tablature there is only one credit:
大興張瑞瑞補正 Fixed by Zhang Ruirui of Daxing.
There is one comment under the title Section 1 but it only gives the tuning method (lower 2nd string to be same as first). Unlike the other version女同 做爱, there are no further comments between sections.